Weight of 1 litre of dissolved sugar = 1,59 kg

Volume of 1 kg extract = 0,63 litres

Weight of 1 litre of dissolved extract = 1,59 kg

Weight of 1 litre alcohol = 0,8 kg (800 grammes).

Weight of 1 litre of water = 1 kg (1 000 grammes)

Wine comprises:

Residual sugar

2-5% (20-50 grammes/litre) extract (unfermented residues such as colour, taste, vegetable matter, aromatics)

Alcohol

Water

Example, a white wine with 10% alcohol:

Residual sugar	17 ml	27 grammes sugar (17 x 1.59)
Extract 3%	19 ml	30 grammes extract (19 x 1.59)
Alcohol	100 ml	80 grammes (100 x 0.08)
Water	864 ml	864 grammes

This gives 1 001 grammes, i.e., 1 grammes over 1 kg = +1 degree on the  hydrometer

27 grammes
30 grammes
80 grammes

864 grammes
1 001 grammes

1 grammes over 1 kg = +1 degree on the hydrometer (with Oechslescale)